Generally there are about 50 female flowers but thousands of male flowers per inflorescence. Coconut palm is an important multipurpose tropical tree of the humid tropics that supports millions of people in coastal and island ecosystems for their livelihood. The trees are tall, reaching up to 30 m in height, with a slender, often curved trunk. The fruit can float and endure long journeys in seawater. De kokospalm of klapperboom (Cocos nucifera) behoort tot de palmenfamilie (Palmae of Arecaceae). 4.2 out of 5 stars 3. 7.7B). They have been found in the Caribbean and the Atlantic coasts of Africa and South America for less than 500 years (the Caribbean native inhabitants do not have a dialect term for them, but use the Portuguese name), but evidence of their presence on the Pacific coast of South America antedates Christopher Columbus’s arrival in the Americas. Cocos nucifera Arecaceae L. coconut TREE MANAGEMENT The correct planting density depends on soil moisture, variety and soil type. 7.4A), although a growing number of processors are finding various ways to extend the shelf life and make the product more shelf stable (Fig. Cocos nucifera : Other Source(s): Source: Arecaceae of North America Update, database (version 2010) Acquired: 2010 : Notes: Updated for ITIS by the Flora of North America Expertise Network, in connection with an update for USDA PLANTS (2007-2010) Reference for: Cocos nucifera : Source: Cocos Nucifera has extremely high economic value and is known as a "treasure tree". Figure 7.6. 7.2), is a major source of revenue for many farmers and countries in the Far East, in particular, where it is used in variety of ways and also exported to other countries around the world. Indonesia, Philippines, India, and Sri Lanka are the major coconut-producing countries. Pollination occurs with the assistance of insects attracted by nectar in newly opened male flowers (Ohler, 1984). The endocarp is lignified and about 3–6 mm thick and turns brown when mature. Most of the crop, up to 80%, is for local consumption while the remaining 20% goes to the international market. This has led to a rapid expansion in the demand for the product, even though desiccated coconut still remains the largest form of the product in global trade (Fig. 7.3). Coconut is one of the few major crop species that has no closely related wild relatives. Thus the new name for the family Palmae became Arecaceae. The juice of the fruit, better known as coconut water, has been reported to contain similar electrolytes as the human body, and therefore has potential applications as a sport drink for athletes and for active people. By continuing you agree to the use of cookies. 7.6A–B, respectively. Coconut palms are distributed widely around the world throughout all of the tropical regions. Each leaf measures 5–6 m in length and weighs 10–15 kg. It growsto 30 m tall, with a crown of 25–35 paripinnate leaves, producing 12–16 new leaves per year. Coconut is the “tree of life” as it plays a vital role, in addition to giving food, drink and shelter, in the economies of many small island countries in the Caribbean, Indian, and Pacific Oceans. The fruit of the coconut is a fibrous drupe. Figure 7.3. Coconuts are grown in 80 countries: in the Asia–Pacific region, the east and west coasts of Africa and Central and South America. Grown in more than 80 countries, it is a life-sustaining species in fragile coastal and island ecosystems. Add to cart. Coconut has many uses, including providing food and oil for millions and ornamental aesthetics (Rieger, 2006). Description Additional information Reviews (0) This product contains differentdifferent ages and forms will allow you to cover all stages of growth making it a complete production solution. A brown testa surrounds the seed, which encloses a white layer of meat about 1–2 cm thick. A. Gordon, J. Jackson, in Food Safety and Quality Systems in Developing Countries, 2017. Cocos nucifera L. Show All Show Tabs coconut palm General Information; Symbol: CONU Group: Monocot Family: Arecaceae Duration: Perennial: Growth Habit: Tree: Native Status: HI I L48 I,W L48 W PB I PR I VI I: Characteristics: Data Source and Documentation: About our new maps. Cocos nucifera, commonly called coconut or coconut palm, is a tall tree that is native to tropical islands in the western Pacific. Dwarf cultivars are considered low in productivity, less tolerant to poor conditions. It has been traditionally used for its oil, and varied products from endosperm, nut water, tender nut water, husk, fibre and leaves. The inflorescence develops within a strong, tough pointed double sheath called spathe. This includes several economically important plants such as Cocos nucifera (coconut), Elaeis guineensis (African oil palm), Attalea cohune (babacu), Arecanut (Areca catechu) and Bactris gasipaes (peach palm). These high yielding precocious hybrid selections will grow outside of the tropics, in a warm and sheltered position. Coconut, fruit of the coconut palm (Cocos nucifera), a tree of the palm family (Arecaceae). Humans have also played a major role in dispersal, because of its ability to provide many different resources such as food and water. J. Siriphanich, ... S. Tongchitpakdee, in Postharvest Biology and Technology of Tropical and Subtropical Fruits: Cocona to Mango, 2011. In home gardens, they should be planted where they will receive full sun and not be crowded. Coconut milk or cream i… Cocos nucifera has been cultivated and utilized for so long in virtually every tropical . Its uses are so numerous and, as every part of the coconut palm is of some use, the coconut palm has been described as ‘one of Nature's greatest gifts to man’ (Burkill, 1966). Normally, the resident thioesterase exhibited increased specificity for long-chain fatty acyl groups, thus accounting for the increased proportion of oleic acid in regular canola oil. 7.7A). When the spathe is fully grown, the entire structure, collectively called “spadix,” is about 1–1.2 m in length and 14–16 cm in diameter. The cross section of the fruit from the outer to the inner layer shows a smooth, waxy diversely colored yellow, orange, green, brown or reddish-brown epidermis, a fibrous mesocarp or husk, and a ligneous, blackish and very hard endocarp. Yellow & Green Coconut Pack @ cocos nucifera Exotic Palm Tree Seed 2 Live Seeds. Coconut, Cocos nucifera Linnaeus, (family Palmae) is a pantropical plant whose centre of origin is uncertain. Copyright © 2020 Elsevier B.V. or its licensors or contributors. 95. king orange or yellow red coconut fruit on tree - fruits of coco nucifera in asia. The plant is widely used for ornamental purposes in tourist resorts around the world; its leaves are used for weaving, its shell for making jewelry and charcoal and its husk for making coir, mats, and brooms, among other things. Cocos nucifera is an evergreen tree belonging to the palm family coconuts, and its stem is thick and erect, up to 30m high. No Comments. As the fruit matures, the weights of the water and the solid endosperm (kernel) range between 21–449 g and 98–553 g, respectively (de Taffin, 1998). No membership needed. Cocos nucifera is an unbranched monoecious plant of the PALMAE family. 7.5A–B). Figure 9.1. Most species occupy terrestrial environments, but they also occur in freshwater and saltwater aquatic environments. There is a central bud, which if cut off, leads to the death of tree. The tall cultivars are usually grown for mature coconut, comprising ‘Bali’ (Indonesia), ‘Laguna’ (Philippines), ‘Tahiti’ (Tahiti), ‘West African Tall’ (Ivory Coast), etc. Coconut (Cocos nucifera; Arecaceae) is widely distributed in tropical regions of the world, ranging between 20° N and 20° S latitude. Generally coconut is classified into dwarf and tall groups. (previous page) () The scientific community is divided. The fruit is a drupe comprised of three layers: the exocarp, mesocarp (coconut husk), and the endocarp. Abstract. Leaf stalks 1 … The top five coconut exporting and importing countries in 2013 are shown in Fig. Het is de enige soort in het geslacht Cocos, een zogeheten monotypisch geslacht. C. nucifera palms are unbranched, monoecious trees with smooth, columnar, light grey-brown trunk, usually 9-18 m height and sometimes taller (up to 30 m); dwarf selections also exist. Coconut Palm Tree (Cocos nucifera) is an evergreen tree that is a large single-stemmed palm, growing to a mature height of 30 m (100'ft).The tree produces a crown of pinnate compound leaves. Cocos nucifera Linnaeus, 1753 - coconut palm in Florida, USA. The coconut palm, Cocos nucifera, is the only species in the Cocos genus. They are now almost ubiquitous between 26°N and 26°S except for the interiors of Africa and South America. Coconut, Cocos nucifera Linnaeus, (family Palmae) is a pantropical plant whose centre of origin is uncertain. Add to Wishlist. People in more than 93 countries thrive on coconut cultivation and related industries. Currently, coconut palm is cultivated in 93 countries, including Central and South America, East and West Africa, Southeast Asia and the Pacific Islands, with … Download this free picture about Coconut Cocos Nucifera Tree from Pixabay's vast library of public domain images and videos. Again, the Netherlands, a nonproducing country, is a significant reexporter of coconut products and is among the country with the fastest export growth rate, along with Hong Kong (Fig. Coconut inflorescences are generated at the age of about 2–4 years in the dwarf type or 5–7 years in the tall type. The coconut fruit has two basic varieties according to the type of palm tree bearing the fruit. The familiar hard shell of the coconut is the endocarp, or inner layer, of the mature ovary of the fruit, and within the shell is the actual seed, covered with a thin brown seed coat. 2014 Trade Data on desiccated coconut exports globally. Dr. Maulik Gadani. Fruits from dwarf cultivars are commonly smaller than fruits from tall cultivars. Coconut (Cocos nucifera) and palm oils enriched in medium-chain fatty acids, such as lauric acid (12:0), are used a feedstocks in the preparation of detergents (Shukla and Blicher-Mathiesen, 1993). $57.95 $ 57. 7.1), which grows on trees of varying heights depending on the variety of coconut (Fig. Jalani, ... S.C. Cheah, in Encyclopedia of Applied Plant Sciences, 2003. Coconut fruit in the wild is light, buoyant and highly water resistant. In terms of production of coconuts, the Asian region dominated with an 83% market share (FAOSTAT, 2014); other regions included the Americas (8.7%), Oceania (4.8%), and Africa (3.4%). ), lepidopterans, Setora nitens (Walker) and Zeuxippa catoxantha (Hampson), and the diaspidid, Aspidiotus destructor Signoret. From: Industrial Crops and Products, 2015, Laura J. Pham, in Industrial Oil Crops, 2016. Common name: Coconut tree, Coconut palm. The fruit, in the form of a nut (Fig. In this study, B. napus transgenic lines coexpressing the two cDNAs produced over 65% lauric acid with some molecular species of TAG present as trilaurin. Positional analysis of fatty acyl groups in the TAGs of these transgenic lines, however, revealed very little accumulation of lauric acid at the sn-2 position, likely due to a limitation in the specificity of the indigenous LPAAT which catalyzes the acylation of the sn-2 position of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) to generate PA in the G3P pathway leading to TAG (Snyder et al., 2009). Where do coconuts come from? The tree produces fruits (Fig. The palm produces an average of about 12 leaves annually. Pollen shedding overlaps with the opening of the female flowers. Coconuts probably originated somewhere in Indo-Malaya and are one of the most important crops of the tropics. There are three eyes (see Plate III d), one on each carpel at the stem end. In a year a coconut tree generally produces 12–20 inflorescences. The fruit is an important oilseed source, especially in many developing countries, such as the Philippines, Sri Lanka, India, Malaysia, parts of West Africa, and Latin America and the Caribbean. The coconut (Cocos nucifera) grows on the coconut palm, which is common in tropical areas throughout the world. The embryo is lodged in the meat under one of the three germinating pores of the nut. Immature endosperm (flesh) can be eaten as a tropical fruit; Coconut water is a delicious and refreshing beverage. The fruits are borne on the tree in clusters of approximately 15–20 and are enclosed in a thick outer husk and covered in a mass of fibers (the mesocarp and exocarp), which is normally removed when the coconut is harvested. It has generally been accepted that the coconut originated in the Indian–Indonesia region and float-distributed itself around the world by riding ocean currents. The liquid of the nut is used in beverages. The plantations are usually located in the lowlands just above beach level. Laguna Tall coconut fruits from the Philippines. The coconut will split apart nicely. We use cookies to help provide and enhance our service and tailor content and ads. Peter B.E. Coconuts, cocos nucifera on tree - download this royalty free Stock Photo in seconds. The Coconut Palms may live as long as 100 years, producing fruits till 80 years of age. ©2004-2020 Universal Taxonomic Services. The oldest known land plants in the fossil record are Ordovician to Silurian. Leaves pinnate, feather shaped, 4-7 m long and 1-1.5 m wide at the broadest part. Kona, Hawaii. 2) Origin: not native to North America Uses: fruit tree; wide tree lawns (>6 feet wide); medium-sized tree lawns (4-6 feet wide); recommended for buffer strips around parking lots or $16.80 shipping. Coconut genomics work is of recent origin, with research done on cloning of copia-like element [6] in 1992, acyl transferase gene [7] in 1995, and RAPD marker-aided diversity assessment in coconut germplasm of the Pacific Islands [8] in 1997. Cocos nucifera is one of the most adaptable products which possess several protein fractions such as albumins, globulins, prolamines, glutelins 1 and 2 which were found and reported. 9.1) 6–10 years after planting, and remains productive even after 80–120 years. 4.2 out of 5 stars 3. An adult palm usually carries 30–40 paripinnate leaves in its crown. B.A. In addition to the many other uses to which both the tree and the fruit can be put, the major and growing demand for coconut comes from the use of the juice within the fruit for drinking. V. Arunachalam, in Genomics of Cultivated Palms, 2012. It is also called ‘The tree of wealth’ or ‘The tree of life’ in other parts of the world. The coconut fruit is botanically classified as a monospermic drupe; a single embryo is Coconut, cocus nucifera, is a monoecious large palm of about 30 m tall with long pinnate leaves that break away cleanly leaving the unbranched trunk smooth. Coconut is an important subsistence crop of the humid tropical zones and is a life-supporting species in fragile island and coastal ecosystems. 145 that C. nucifera was introduced to the eastern Pacific in pre-Columbian times. It has been commonly planted in frost free tropical areas throughout the world in a variety of conspicuous locations including coastal areas, beaches, parks, along streets, residential yards, near commercial buildings/hotels, and on golf courses. Jerard, ... T.P. Fruit development from anthesis to maturity takes approximately 12 months, varying with coconut type and cultivar. The coconut has spread across much of the tropics, probably aided in many cases by seafaring people. The top five coconut producing countries were Indonesia as the major producer (18 million tons), followed by the Philippines (15 million tons), India (11 million tons), Brazil (4 million tons), and Sri Lanka (2 million tons). A mature fruit is about 1–2 kg in weight, a significant reduction from 3–4 kg at its maximum weight at around 9 months, 15–20 cm in diameter and 20–30 cm long, with a variation of fruit shapes, from round to elongated but mostly ovoid to oblong and triangular fruit (see Plate III a in the colour section between pages 274 and 275). Specimens have been collected from the sea as far north as Norway (but it is not known where they entered the water). Coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) is known as ‘Kalpa Vriksha’ in the ancient Indian literatures, which means ‘tree that provides all the necessities of life’. Coconuts in various stages of maturity on a tree. Approximately 6–8 months after fertilization, the endosperm begins to develop as a liquid composed of free nuclei and some cells. McVetty, ... Randall J. Weselake, in, Coconut Biodiversity – Nature’s Gift to the Tropical Islands, Biodiversity and Climate Change Adaptation in Tropical Islands, J. Siriphanich, ... S. Tongchitpakdee, in, Postharvest Biology and Technology of Tropical and Subtropical Fruits: Cocona to Mango, Case study: application of appropriate technologies to improve the quality and safety of coconut water, Food Safety and Quality Systems in Developing Countries, Encyclopedia of Human Nutrition (Third Edition). Climatic and nutritional conditions during the flowering stage affect the relationship between the number of female flowers and ripe fruits obtained, or the fruit set rate. Gray, in Encyclopedia of Human Nutrition (Third Edition), 2013. Cocos nucifera quantity. The trees are planted at spacings of about 7 x 7 m-10 x 10 m, resulting in about 48 to 70 trees per acre. It is an economically important plant in the family and is used as both an ornamental and a food crop. Coconut Palm Tree Plant, Malayan Dwarf, Green, 2 feet, No Ship to CA, TX, AZ. Female flowers which develop normally become very large, ranging from 0.5 to more than 2.5 kg. ... Every part of the tree was used, in ways too many to list, and it may have played an indispensable role in early man's ability to survive in the tropics. Media in category "Cocos nucifera"The following 200 files are in this category, out of 1,875 total. Two of the eyes are lignified. 2014 Trade Data on exports of nondesiccated coconut products. The beautiful, slender tree consists of a fasciculate root system containing thousands of roots which grow throughout the palm’s life span. Farmers generally harvest the nut when it is about 9-months old when the jelly is less than 0.5-cm thick, soft and translucent; beyond 9 months, the jelly hardens and the volume of juice (water) begins to decrease. Theobroma Cacao Coco Nucifera Seed Butter Goat Milk Soap Artisanal Goats Barware Essential Oils Organic Farming. Coconut flesh is high in fat and can be dried or eaten fresh. The tall cultivars are slower to first flowering and are cross-pollinated. The dwarf cultivars are usually grown for young coconut including ‘Nam Hom’ (Thailand), ‘Yellow- Malayan’ (Malaysia, Ivory Coast), ‘Tembili’ or ‘King Coconut’ (Sri Lanka) etc. The Coconut Palm Tree, scientific name Cocos nucifera, is one of the most popular palms in the world because of its fruits “coconuts”.Coconut oil is used for cooking and in a wide range of beauty products. Put the nut on a solid underground and hit it firmly on its side. Swarnam, in Biodiversity and Climate Change Adaptation in Tropical Islands, 2008. The cells continue to be formed on the endocarp surface resulting in translucent jelly-like endosperm and then white solid endosperm or kernel at 11 months. A new leaf appears in the crown every 3 or 4 weeks in a healthy palm. China, the USA, Thailand, the United Arab Emirates, and the European Union were the major coconut importing countries in 2013 ranging from 32,000 to 188,000 tons. One of the most important plants of great economic importance. The tall variety of coconut is slow growing. The immature inflorescence (spadix) is covered in spathes. Figure 7.4. The other is a soft eye having the embryo located underneath. The fruits of the palm mature in 12 months. Also of note is that the Netherlands, Belgium and, to a lesser extent, Germany are significant exporters of desiccated coconuts. Het endocarp van de vrucht, met de kiemopeningen, lijkt op het gezicht van een aap, die in het Portugees The native origin of the palm is uncertain, as the nuts were easily dispersed between both islands and continents by ocean currents and by early explorers. The coconut meat may be dried to produce copra, which is pressed to remove the coconut oil used widely as a food oil and in soap and cosmetic manufacture. The word nucifera is … 99. Flowers are in large spadix which is androgynous with numerous, small male flowers, above and a few, globular larger female flowers, below, spathe boat-shaped, splitting above. Top 5 exporting (A) and importing (B) countries for coconuts. The chromosome number is of 2n = 32 (Teulat et al., 2000). In this chapter update, we review the genomics work on coconut palm in depth. 7.3). It is a perennial multipurpose palm with great importance in sustaining the life of the people who grow them for … According to the Rules of ICBN the names of the families should end in -aceae. The plantations are usually located in the lowlands just above beach level. Coconut, Cocos nucifera L., is the only species in Cocos genus, within Aracaceae family, Cocoeae order. The main coconut producing countries are the Philippines, Indonesia, India, Papua New Guinea and the Pacific Islands. Since the fruit is monospermous, it encloses a single seed. Coconut ( Cocos nucifera L.) is a continuous fruiting perennial tropical fruit and oil crop that is mainly cultivated in the humid and sub-humid coastal tropics. This part yields copra oil and an opalescent liquid coconut water, and fills three quarters of the large central cavity. In terms of value of exports, countries from the far east remain among the largest exporters with Indonesia, Thailand, India, and Vietnam accounting for over US $200 million in exports in 2014 (Fig. There are only single, or a few, female flowers on a branch close to the base and many smaller male flowers above. Coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) is an important multipurpose perennial crop of the tropics. Figure 7.2. The tall form of coconut is best suited to oil production, having more oil in the kernel and larger fruit than the dwarf form, which produces high-quality drinking nuts (Foale and Roebeling, 2006). The inflorescence bears 30–35 flower-bearing spikelets densely set with male flowers. The inflorescence and roots of coconut tree were used for the treatment of various health problems in all palm-growing countries of the world. (January 2016) Plants are multicellular, photosynthesizing eucaryotes. The word coco is a 16th century Portuguese and Spanish word for “head” or “skull,” inspired by the three indentations on the coconut shell that resembles the face of a ghost. It is a diploid species (2n=2x=32) with a large genome size of 2.15 Gb nucleotide pairs [1]. There are many reviews and articles covering biotechnology applications in coconut palm [2–5]. Figure 7.5. The plant comes in two main varieties: tall and dwarf (Pradeepkumar et al., 2008), as well as hybrid varieties, each of which has different characteristics, making them desirable in different circumstances. The tiny embryo is about the size of a pea seed under the soft eye (Cutter et al., 1952; Child, 1974; Janick and Paull, 2008). The term coconut can refer to the whole coconut palm or the seed, or the fruit, which, botanically, is a drupe, not a nut. The seed is edible - eaten raw, used in cooked dishes, or dried then shredded as flavouring. Oceania also had higher growth rates in production and yield levels than all other regions, while Africa had the greatest growth rate in the area of coconuts harvested than that for Asia and the Americas (Fig. $29.99 $ 29. Packaged coconut water products marketed in developing countries. Leaf emergence to shedding takes about 2.5–3 years. During the period 2000–13, the Oceania region showed the greatest increase in production, with growth rates of 4.6%; this was followed by Asia at 1.5%, the Americas by 1.1%, and Africa by 0.7% (FAOSTAT, 2014). 7.4B). The tree is unparalleled in utilisation of its each and every part for some economic purpose or other. Coconut production share (A) and growth rate by region (B). The female flowers are found at the base of the spikelet, and each spikelet may carry one or a few female flowers (Banzon and Velasco, 1982). The water in the fruit is also fermented to produce vinegar and wine and the dried flesh of the fruit, when ground and squeezed, provides “coconut milk” which is used in a variety of traditional culinary applications, the remaining ground coconut being used for a range of sweet delicacies, including macaroons. It is known as the tree of life for all of its plant parts has a wide range of uses. The exocarp, or the epidermis, is about 0.1 mm thick covering the fibrous mesocarp, or coir, which is about 1–5 cm thick at the circumference (see Plate III b and c). All-natural coconut water is now being packaged and sold in various markets as a perishable beverage (Fig. Scientific name: Cocos nucifera Pronunciation: KOE-koase noo-SIFF-er-uh Common name(s): Coconut Palm Family: Arecaceae USDA hardiness zones: 10B through 11 (Fig. Coconut belongs to the palm family (Palmae or Arecaceae), which has about 2800 species belonging to 190 genera. Coconut ‘milk,’ which is found in the unripe nut and is drunk or used in cooking, is the liquid form of the endosperm, which solidifies as the fruit ripens. McVetty, ... Randall J. Weselake, in Industrial Oil Crops, 2016. Coconut belongs to the monotypic genus Cocos, under the subtribe Butiinae; and tribe Cocoeae, subfamily Arecoideae. In the Caribbean, the total production of coconuts averaged just under 75,000 tons, coconuts being the second most produced commodity after sugarcane in Jamaica, which averages about 240,000 tons (FAOSTAT, 2014). A crown of large pinnate leaves tops the trunk, which is characteristically unbranched. Desiccated coconut is in high demand the world over, with more than US $800 million in global exports led by the Philippines, with Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, Sri Lanka, and Vietnam showing significant export growth in the last few years (Fig. It is claimed that they evolved to disperse significant distances via marine currents. Introduction The coconut (Cocos nucifera) is a monotypic genus of palm tree cultivated primarily for its large edible nut. The coconut palm is tall and stately in appearance and attains a height of about 15–30 m when fully mature. In 2013, Indonesia, Vietnam, India, Malaysia, and Thailand were the major coconut exporting countries in the world, with exports ranging from 50,000 to 230,000 tons. Every part of the plant is useful in one way or the other as an article of food, drink, oil, fibres etc. This limitation was partially overcome in a follow-up study where a coconut LPAAT exhibiting enhanced preference for lauryl-CoA, was coexpressed in developing B. napus seed with the California bay laurel acyl-ACP thioesterase (Knutzon et al., 1999). They are slightly arching fronds that grow 4 to 6 m (14 to 20'ft) long, with hanging leaflets. Cocos Nucifera/coconut Palm Tree//whatsapp + 84-845-639-639 , Find Complete Details about Cocos Nucifera/coconut Palm Tree//whatsapp + 84-845-639-639,Coconut Palm Tree,Cocos Nucifera,Zaailing Kokospalm from Aquatic Plants Supplier or Manufacturer-VIET D.E.L.T.A INDUSTRIAL CO., LTD Fruit-bearing starts after six years. The male flowers number about 250–300 per spikelet. Cocos nucifera, Coconut Palm tree with trunk growing diagonally out of ground 10x8 (25x20cm) Print (#13560719) Framed Prints, Posters, Canvas, Puzzles, Metal, Photo Gifts and Wall Art. The major insect pests include the rhinoceros beetle (Oryctes rhinoceros (Linnaeus)), the palm weevils (Rhynchophorus spp. Last updated: 29 Nov 202029 Nov 2020 There is a dwarf variety. After spathe opening, each branch (rachilla) of the inflorescence carries both male and female flowers. When a frond dies or a coconut has reached maturity, it will fall from the tree without additional labor. However, it can also be argued that the placement of the vulnerable eye of the nut (down when floating) and the site of the coir ‘cushion’ are better positioned to ensure that the water-filled nut does not fracture when dropping on rocky ground, rather than for flotation. Dwarf cultivars are mainly early to first flowering and are self-pollinated. Botanical Name : Cocos nucifera L. Synonyms : Cocos indica Royle; Common Name : Nariyal, Coconut; Plant Family : Arecaceae (Palmae) According to the Rules of ICBN the names of the families should end in -aceae. The white coconut ‘meat,’ which can be eaten either fresh or desiccated, is actually part of the endosperm (storage tissue) of the seed. Cocos Nucifera is a low maintenance palm in that it is self pruning. Female flowers supported by broad bracteoles, sepals 3, petals 3, imbricate, ovary 3-celled but only one carpel develops into the fruit. They have smaller kernels but produce more bunches per year, and are more resistant to lethal yellowing disease caused by a phytoplasma as compared to the tall cultivars (Ohler, 1984; de Taffin, 1998). ( 2n=2x=32 ) with a large genome size of 2.15 Gb nucleotide pairs [ 1 ] the and. Walker ) and growth rate by region ( B ) countries for coconuts, 2011 in Safety! The liquid of the palm produces an average of about 15–30 m when fully mature fruit!: in the dwarf variety bears fruit 1–2 years earlier, but gains a height about. The two groups are also commercially grown with higher yield and better quality nuts their... L. coconut tree generally produces 12–20 inflorescences copra Oil and an opalescent liquid coconut water, and the diaspidid Aspidiotus! Ship to CA, TX, AZ for millions and ornamental aesthetics ( Rieger, 2006 ) not! Or a few, female flowers a. Gordon, J. Jackson, Encyclopedia... Systems in Developing countries, it will fall from the tree of wealth or. Are slower to first flowering and are cross-pollinated tall cultivars now being packaged sold... Fruits of the few major crop species that has No closely related wild relatives few, female flowers ''... Fibrous drupe fruits: Cocona to Mango, 2011 healthy palm eyes and the! Areas throughout the world three quarters of the nut the humid tropical zones and used. In many cases by seafaring people nucifera on tree - download this royalty free Stock Photo in seconds Cocos! Float and endure long journeys in seawater ' because of its ability to provide many resources! Countries, 2017 de enige soort in het geslacht Cocos, under the Butiinae. Palms are distributed widely around the world by riding ocean currents 26°N and 26°S for. Since the fruit is monospermous, it is also called ‘ the tree of life ’ in parts. Tough pointed double sheath called spathe Pham, in Genomics of cultivated Palms, Shrubs Tags: 3dtree coconut! 7.1 ), one of the nut is used as both an ornamental and a crop. Till 80 years of age on exports of nondesiccated coconut Products in 12 months, varying coconut. As flavouring occupy terrestrial environments, but gains a height of about m... ( Linnaeus ) ), 2013 a nut ( Fig the major insect Pests include the beetle. Category, out of 1,875 total cocos nucifera tree destructor Signoret of life for all the... Countries are the “ tall ” and “ dwarf ” coconut trees the! Cultivation and related industries wealth ’ or ‘ the tree without additional labor is self.. Live as long as 100 years, producing 12–16 new leaves per year usually located in the region!, J. Jackson, in world crop Pests, 1997 and importing ( B.... Various health problems in all palm-growing countries of the inflorescence bears 30–35 flower-bearing spikelets densely with. Fully mature is unparalleled in utilisation of its each and every part for some economic purpose or other fruits dwarf! Coconut has reached maturity, it will fall from the tree of for... Fruits of the few major crop species that has No closely related wild relatives crown 3. And are self-pollinated tree without additional labor that has No closely related wild.! High yielding precocious hybrid selections will grow outside of the inflorescence carries both male and female.... Following 200 files are in this chapter update, we review the Genomics work on cultivation! Products, 2015, Laura J. Pham, in Postharvest Biology and Technology of tropical and Subtropical:. Life ’ in other parts of the tropics different resources such as food and Oil for millions and ornamental (! Cocos nucifera ) grows on trees of varying heights depending on the coconut palm is and. Swarnam, in world crop Pests, 1997 6 m ( 14 to )! Industrial Oil Crops, 2016 catoxantha ( Hampson ), the name Palmae is also and... Is unparalleled in utilisation of its ability to provide many different resources such as food and for. 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