Up to now he was considered to be a pope who did not shy away from criticizing the totalitarian regimes of his time. The Vatican was re-established as a sovereign state, a financial agreement compensated for what had been lost in 1870, and in a concordat the church was granted extensive privileges (status of a state religion, religious education, recognition of Church marriage). 45,00€ 3: Requiem: XI. Italian researchers such as Emma Fattorini, Alberto Guasco and Giovanni Sale have studied the Church and Fascism in depth, and have benefited from the opening of the Vatican Archives. The Pope and Mussolini: The Secret History of Pius XI and the Rise of Fascism in Europe: 16,17€ 2: Das päpstliche Lehramt auf dem Prüfstand der Geschichte: Franz Hürth SJ als „Holy Ghostwriter“ von Pius XI. The Pope reacted in 1931 with a sharp encyclical, Quadragesimo Anno: On the Reconstruction of the Social Order. : Franz Hrth SJ als "Holy Ghostwriter" von Pius XI. The old European monarchies had been largely swept away and a new and precarious order formed across the continent. und Pius XII. Neither side, however, risked the utmost, the termination of the Concordat. The discussion about his legacy continues to this very day. Both men were headstrong adversaries who cooperated as needed. The book marvelously illustrates the larger issues as they played out on very personal levels, from Vatican backstabbing to Mussolini's family relationships. This website uses cookies as well as similar tools and technologies to understand visitors' experiences. und Pius XII. When Mussolini became prime minister, in October 1922, the new pope, Pius XI, knew he had a politician with whom he could deal. The king of the media is assigned the role of an extra. In 1937, he had advised him against condemning the National Socialist persecution of the Church in an encyclical. A Journal of the McGrath Institute for Church Life, by Jörg Ernesti This is a sophisticated blockbuster." One was scholarly and devout, the other thuggish and profane. His warning against the growing cult of the Führer remained unanswered: “Tell Signor Mussolini on my behalf that I do not like his attempts to become a quasi-deity.” People would “sooner or later smash their images of gods. The German playwright Rolf Hochhuth started a worldwide avalanche when he published the play Der Stellvertreter in 1963. : Franz Hrth SJ als "Holy Ghostwriter" von Pius XI. The Pope and Mussolini: The Secret History of Pius XI and the Rise of Fascism in Europe . The calculus of the "Duce" worked out: In foreign policy the agreement increased its prestige, and in the country itself Catholics identified themselves with the system to a degree hardly thought possible. In the East, the Soviet Union arose. It would seem that anyone who holds a responsible post for any length of time under an autocrat--whether it be Hitler or Pius XII--surrenders his own personality. He is most recently the author of Leo XIII: Papst und Staatsmann. It is hard to say how a man with so likable a face could, in good conscience, reconcile himself to the continuance of the Concordat between the Curia and the Government of the Third Reich, even when Catholic Jews were deported. und Pius XII. For the sake of the conciseness of this thesis he exaggerates up to the limits of seriousness. The Pope and Mussolini NPR coverage of The Pope and Mussolini: The Secret History of Pius XI and the Rise of Fascism in Europe by David I. Kertzer. Requiem: XI. Yet they also had traits in common. June 08, 2020 | by Kertzer, David I. Two leaders came to power in 1922 in Rome, Achille Ratti was elevated to the papacy as Pius XI, and Benito Mussolini was appointed Italian prime minister. He had been born on May 31, 1857 is Desio, Italy. Mussolini demanded absolute power and the pope demanded a dominant position for the Church. One was scholarly and devout, the other thuggish and profane. Afterwards the situation eased somewhat, but there were repeated conflicts between Pius XI and Mussolini, who despised each other deeply. His death alone prevented its publication. June 09, 2020, The Nuncio resided in Berlin throughout the Hitler era. Yet Pius XI and “Il Duce” had many things in common. CU Pope Pius XI. What is new with The Pope and Mussolini: The Secret History of Pius XI and the Rise of Fascism in Europe is at best the intensification of the information to a concise thesis. For non-historians, the book certainly offers a surprisingly new view of the period described; experts, on the other hand, are unlikely to find anything new. When David Kertzer's Pulitzer Prize-winning study The Pope and Mussolini: The Secret History of Pius XI and the Rise of Fascism in Europe appeared under the German title The First Deputy, expectations were raised: Will we now also have to revise the image of Pius XI? After short, largely secret negotiations, the Lateran Treaty between the Vatican and the Kingdom of Italy was concluded as early as 1929. The Pope and Mussolini: The Secret History of Pius XI and the Rise of Fascism in Europe - Ebook written by David I. Kertzer. Mussolini and Cardinal Gasparri signing Concordat. Pius’s pontificate soon witnessed the rise to power of Benito Mussolini, who signed (February 11, 1929) with him the Lateran Treaty that allowed the existence of … The play was almost immediately translated into English in 1964 as The Deputy. Quia Pius es Der erste Stellvertreter: Pius XI. Pius XI on balcony blessing people. In the election of 1921, the fascists only elected 35 deputies in an Italian parliament of 352 members. Kertzer presents an excitingly written book that is charming in its contradiction. Again and again the Pope expressed his uneasiness: “It is impossible that Christians follow anti-Semitism . und Pius XII. This paved the way for the one-party state. Tell him if he doesn't change his behavior, it will end badly for him.” Early on, the Pope was concerned that Mussolini would chain himself to Hitler, for better or worse. The Pope and Mussolini: The Secret History of Pius XI and the Rise of Fascism in Europe is a 2014 Pulitzer Prize winner biography of Pope Pius XI about his relations with Benito Mussolini and rise of Fascism in Europe by David Kertzer. He felt he had to warn him about the pact with “Signor Hitler, the greatest enemy of Christ and the Church in the modern age.”. But we know today that it was the Cardinal who in 1937 asked the Archbishop of Munich, Faulhaber, for a draft of the encyclical “With Burning Concern.” He expanded it and intensified it in tone. One was scholarly and devout, the other thuggish and profane. Church Life Journal Kertzer shows how the relationship between Pope Pius XI and Benito Mussolini played into the rise of Fascism and anti-Semitism. [1] The book examined documentary evidence from the Vatican archives, arguing that Pope Pius XI played a significant role in supporting the rise of Fascism and Benito Mussolini in Italy, but not of Nazism in Germany. In most respects, they could not have been more different. XI; Italian: Pio XI; 31 May 1857 – 10 February 1939), born Ambrogio Damiano Achille Ratti, was Pope from 6 February 1922, and sovereign of Vatican City from its creation as an independent state on 11 February 1929 until his death on 10 February 1939. ‎ PULITZER PRIZE WINNER • NAMED ONE OF THE BEST BOOKS OF THE YEAR BY SAN FRANCISCO CHRONICLE From National Book Award finalist David I. Kertzer comes the gripping story of Pope Pius XI’s secret relations with Italian dictator Benito Muss… Although Mussolini and Pope Pius XI were an odd couple, they healed this breach. Just invest little mature to log on this on-line pronouncement the pope and mussolini Page 3/9. The characterizations of the protagonists of his drama are vivid. They shared a distrust of democracy and a visceral hatred of Communism. … Pius XI was often enough confronted with Church representatives who were too accommodating to the regime, even at his own Curia. The Pope reacted in 1931 with a sharp encyclical, Quadragesimo Anno: On the Reconstruction of the Social Order. In order to reach an agreement with the regime, Pius XI—who was in office from 1922-1939—withdrew his protective hand from the Catholic People's Party. In the end, the Pope had to realize that his attempt to instrumentalize the fascist regime for the Catholic cause had failed: “What a lout and traitor Mussolini was to me!” Conversely, Mussolini realized that he could not domesticate the Church and that he had bitten his teeth out especially at Pius XI, the “most harmful pope of all time.” All this is brilliantly told by Kertzer. Price: $14.99. The Pope and Mussolini: The Secret History of Pius XI and the Rise of Fascism in Europe Das päpstliche Lehramt auf dem Prüfstand der Geschichte: Franz Hürth SJ als „Holy Ghostwriter“ von Pius XI. His reign as pope coincided with the rise of fascism, including the dictatorships of Benito Mussolini in Italy, Adolph Hitler in Germany, and General Francisco Franco in Spain. Requiem: XI. Download for offline reading, highlight, bookmark or take notes while you read The Pope and Mussolini: The Secret History of Pius XI and the Rise of Fascism in Europe. The pontificate of Pius XI coincided with the early aftermath of the First World War. The Pope and Mussolini: The Secret History of Pius XI and the Rise of Fascism in Europe, Quadragesimo Anno: On the Reconstruction of the Social Order, The Materialistic Civilization That Now Prevails in the West Has Consequences. The book examined documentary evidence from the Vatican archives, arguing that Pope Pius XI played a significant role in supporting the rise of Fascism and Benito Mussolini in Italy, but not of Nazism in Germany. These fears were not unfounded: In fact, he commissioned an encyclical condemning racism and anti-Semitism. 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