"use strict";(function(){var insertion=document.getElementById("citation-access-date");var date=new Date().toLocaleDateString(undefined,{month:"long",day:"numeric",year:"numeric"});insertion.parentElement.replaceChild(document.createTextNode(date),insertion)})(); FACT CHECK: We strive for accuracy and fairness. Seal said Parkinson, his great-great-great-great-uncle, was a “well known friend of Albert Gallatin… Farmers took further issue because only cash would be accepted for tax payment. MONONGAHELA – A Pennsylvania historical sign in a Monongahela parking lot marks the location where U.S. statesman Albert Gallatin delivered an eloquent speech that brought an end to … Washington assumed emergency power to assemble more than 12,000 men from the surrounding states and eastern Pennsylvania as a federal militia. 15437. Using your favorite search engine, type whiskey rebellion as the search term and explore the many different websites. Friendship Hill was the home of Albert Gallatin, who represented Fayette County to the state assembly created in Pennsylvania during the Whiskey Rebellion. Gallatin had just arrived back at Friendship Hill, when he attended a meeting of local farmers. Tarring and feathering an excise officer during the Whiskey Rebellion, 1794. Albert Gallatin - Albert Gallatin was a leading Pennsylvania businessman, land developer, and state legislator and a vocal opponent of internal federal taxes. Hamilton, President Washington, and the federalist government had been very upset with the western region’s lack of compliance with the law and the violence against tax collectors. Source: “To George Washington from Alexander Hamilton, 5 August 1794,” Founders Online, National Archives, https://goo.gl/kUFNMp. The resolve the men passed stated that the law was dangerous to liberty and particularly oppressive to the people of the western counties of Pennsylvania. Gallatin's mastery of public finance made him the obvious choice as Jefferson's Secretary of the Treasury; as Jefferson put it, Gallatin was "the only man in the United States who understands, through all the labyrinths Hamilton involved it, the precise state of the Treasury. He was selected to attend a regional meeting at Parkinson’s Ferry on August 14-15. Within three years he had built a brick house on his 400-acre farm establishing himself as one of the wealthier local citizens. 5 Covers US Postal History Taxes Albert Gallatin Whiskey Insurrection 19 1843 Inscribed ALBERT GALLATIN 4th Treas. With this change Gallatin thought resistance to the tax might go away. That June Congress modified the law, changing one of the most egregious elements. Local government officials met the idea of a whiskey tax with enthusiasm, and Washington took this assurance back to Congress, which passed the bill. What were many American's opinions on the excise tax on whiskey? The mob demanded that the soldiers surrender. The first time, a mob of people forced their way in and assaulted Wells’ wife and children. The marshal rode out to serve the farmers their papers. Less than a week later, the mob met with local dignitaries who warned that Washington would send a militia to strike them down and they had to strike first. Early in his political career Albert Gallatin became embroiled in the Whiskey Rebellion, where his courage, wisdom and moderation helped the region, and propelled him onto the national stage. In a “long, sensible and eloquent” speech he asked the men to accept submission. Albert Gallatin was an early American politician who was an advocate of individual liberties and freedoms throughout his career, including First Amendment religious freedom and press freedom. The president had called out the militia to prepare for a march against the rebels, but he had also sent commissioners to negotiate with them. What was the Whiskey Rebellion? The dispute itself had important ramifications. By evening, the mob had reconvened for a meeting with a group of other people who declared revenge on Neville. In 1788, Gallatin was elected as a delegate to a state convention to discuss possible revisions to the United States Constitution. The Rebellion / The Essential Whiskey Rebellion Tour: 1-Day Passport The Essential Whiskey Rebellion Tour: 1-Day Passport The first excise tax in history might sound stuffy, but really, it’s the beginning of a much longer story about protests, punches thrown and a rebellion that rose up around whiskey. Since his stance on the taxes met well with many of his Fayette county neighbors, they elected him to the rebel assembly during the Whiskey Rebellion. On the second day news arrived. An argument ensued, and when Lenox and Neville rode off, they were face-to-face with an angry mob, armed with pitchforks and muskets—some were believed to be drunk. Gallatin rallied opposition to the tax—yet also counseled his neighbors not to resist the federal force that in 1794 put down the Whiskey Rebellion. Historic Site Friendship Hill. The mob stripped him naked and then tarred and feathered him before stealing his horse and abandoning him in the forest. Albert Gallatin >Swiss-born Albert Gallatin (1761-1849) was U.S. secretary of the Treasury, >as well as a diplomat, banker, and ethnographer. In 1747, influential Virginians for… What was the Whiskey Rebellion? Defense Attorney: Mr. Gallatin, will you state to the jury your title and role in the Whiskey Rebellion. Hamilton and other federalists mistakenly thought that Gallatin was a ringleader, and that he had stirred up violence. National Park Service. On July 15, they approached the home of William Miller, who refused to accept his summons. As the day ended, the crowd had drunk deeply from the barrels and weren’t inspired to descend on Pittsburgh with any fury, instead gaining permission to march through Pittsburgh peacefully. Gallatin was elected to the rebel assembly during the Whiskey Rebellion. At the meeting they heard the news that rebels had attacked Neville’s house and one of them had been killed. That year, voters elected him to the House … ", Walter, Raymond Jr., Albert Gallatin, Jeffersonian Financier and Diplomat, University of Pittsburgh Press, 1957, c/o Fort Necessity NB Why … https://www.history.com/topics/early-us/whiskey-rebellion. This wasn’t the future they envisioned when they cast off the British. Friendship Hill was the home of Albert Gallatin, who represented Fayette County to the state assembly created in Pennsylvania during the Whiskey Rebellion. The law was immediately a failure, since refusals to pay the taxes were as common as intimidation against officials hired to collect them. Washington personally led federal soldiers in suppressing the Whiskey Rebellion, which arose in opposition to the administration's taxation policies. Gallatin rallied opposition to the tax—yet also counseled his neighbors not to resist the federal force that in 1794 put down the Whiskey Rebellion. Whiskey Rebellion. Although nearly everyone in western Pennsylvania opposed the whiskey tax - even John Neville, the man who thought himself duty-bound to collect it from his neighbors - many opposed the use of armed force to resist it. New York, … In 1793, the home of Pennsylvania excise officer Benjamin Wells was broken into twice. While radical members pushed for open rebellion, moderates like Hugh Henry Brackenridge and future Secretary of the U.S. Treasury Albert Gallatin urged conciliatory measures. In 1791 Washington journeyed through Virginia and Pennsylvania to speak with citizens about their views. A portrait of Albert Gallatin . He was tied to a tree in the woods for five hours before being found. President George Washington was opposed to Hamilton’s suggestion of a whiskey tax. 1 Washington Parkway Evidence suggests that his anti-Fede… MONONGAHELA, Pa. (AP) — A Pennsylvania historical sign in a Monongahela parking lot marks the location where U.S. statesman Albert Gallatin delivered an eloquent speech that brought an end to a revolt over a federal whiskey tax in 1794. He said it was his only “political sin. Albert Gallatin, signature. Gallatin was elected clerk. During the Whiskey Rebellion Gallatin didn’t waiver from his principles, even though he was threatened by both the federalists and the rebels. But American colonists, who had no representation in Parliament, saw the Acts as an abuse of power. Abraham Alfonse Albert Gallatin (January 29, 1761 – August 12, 1849) was a Swiss-American ethnologist, linguist, politician, diplomat, congressman, and the longest-serving United States Secretary of the Treasury.In 1831, he founded the University of the City of New York. Gallatin was attracted to this region and the potential it held. After a lull, in 1794 the regional tax collector, John Neville, began working hard to collect the tax. Incidents escalated over the next few years. Bradford used these letters as an excuse to encourage an attack on Pittsburgh, inciting 7,000 men to show up at Braddock’s Field, east of the city. 5 Covers US Postal History Taxes Albert Gallatin Whiskey Insurrection 19 1843 Inscribed ALBERT GALLATIN 4th Treas. The majority voted to submit, but it was not overwhelming. Abraham Alfonse Albert Gallatin (January 29, 1761 – August 12, 1849) was a Swiss-American politician, diplomat, ethnologist and linguist.He served as a Congressman, Senator, United States Ambassador and was the longest-serving United States Secretary of the Treasury.In 1831, he helped found the University of the City of New York, now New York University. The Whiskey Rebellion Education & Visitor Center created through a handful of very talented board members (Denise Cummins, Michael Robinson and Kathy Teagarden), the Executive Director, Tracie Liberatore, and consultants, William Kline and Clay Kilgore working together with Springboard Design, Blue Sky Sign Company and Carpenter Connection. Wealthy landowner David Bradford, along with several other men, attacked a mail carrier and discovered three letters from Pittsburgh expressing disapproval of the attack on Neville’s property. As the army headed across the mountains a friend wrote him there were "large rewards for your head,” and another said that his name was high on a list of men “who were to be destroyed.” Fearing for his safety Gallatin left the region. A cattle drover named John Connor was sent with the warrants, and he suffered the same fate as Johnson. Albert Gallatin was Secretary of Treasury for both Thomas Jefferson and James Madison. The rebels, referred ...read more, This wasn’t how it was supposed to be. The Whiskey Rebellion was a response to the excise tax proposed by Alexander Hamilton, who was Washington's Secretary of the Treasury in 1791. Abraham Alfonse Albert Gallatin, born de Gallatin (January 29, 1761 – August 12, 1849) was an American politician, diplomat, ethnologist and linguist. ... spirits in what later would be called the Whiskey Rebellion. This page is currently being worked on. In the 1700’s, Native Americans, mostly Delaware and Mingo, utilized the area as hunting grounds without permanent settlement. The Taiping forces were run as a cult-like group called the God Worshipping Society by self-proclaimed prophet ...read more, The Townshend Acts were a series of measures, passed by the British Parliament in 1767, that taxed goods imported to the American colonies. Albert Gallatin, not a name commonly known today but well known in the Jeffersonian era, was a notable statesman, diplomat, financier, historian, ethnologist, industrialist and farmer. The Whiskey Rebellion: Frontier Epilogue to the American Revolution. The disappointing results of the negotiations had to be reported back to the people on August 28 at Brownsville. There were few good roads connecting east and west. The Whiskey Rebellion was a 1794 uprising of farmers and distillers in western Pennsylvania in protest of a whiskey tax enacted by the federal government. Sec., US Rep & Sen WAR 1812 NE 1801 WASH DC, ALBERT GALLATIN Free Frank, US REP, SENATOR & SEC Of The T According to A Department of the Interior article, 'Whiskey Rebellion Resources in Western Pennsylvania' for the National Register of Historic Places of 1992- ... (some of the sources are The Philisophical Society and The Life of Albert Gallatin… In fact, Kirkpatrick had helped Neville escape the house and hide in a ravine. MONONGAHELA, Pa. (AP) — A Pennsylvania historical sign in a Monongahela parking lot marks the location where U.S. statesman Albert Gallatin delivered an eloquent speech that brought an end to a revolt over a federal whiskey tax in 1794. individuals we discussed in the Whiskey Rebellion focusing on their participation and how the Rebellion affected them. That year, voters elected him to … Neville didn’t believe the men and ordered them off his property. Unknown, “Albert Gallatin,” The Whiskey Rebellion, accessed December 20, 2020, http://www.maptherebellion.com/items/show/18. The so-called "whiskey tax" was the first tax imposed on a domestic product by the newly formed federal government. Not even knowing he was on the ballot; the two neighboring counties had elected him to the United States House of Representatives. That July, Gallatin attended a meeting of local men to discuss the tax and work for its repeal. Only two men were found guilty of treason, and both were pardoned by Washington. Local courts could now handle cases. They demanded his surrender, but Major James Kirkpatrick, one of 10 soldiers who had come to the property to help defend it, answered that Neville was not there. Secretary of the Treasury Alexander Hamilton sought to use this debt to create a financial system that would promote American p… But protests against the new tax began immediately, arguing that the tax was unfair to small producers. Pennsylvania assemblyman Albert Gallatin lambasted the proposal, saying it would put an undue burden on farmers in his state, where, incidentally, an estimated 25 percent of all American … Harmon Husband Historical Marker. Jean Bonnet Tavern. The delegates voted. The Whiskey Rebellion (also known as the Whiskey Insurrection) was a tax protest in the United States beginning in 1791 and ending in 1794 during the presidency of George Washington, ultimately under the command of American Revolutionary war veteran Major James McFarlane. Whiskey Rebellion, 1794. He also suggested an excise tax on whiskey to prevent further financial difficulty. Whiskey Rebellion, (1794), in American history, uprising that afforded the new U.S. government its first opportunity to establish federal authority by military means within state boundaries, as officials moved into western Pennsylvania to quell an uprising of settlers rebelling against the liquor tax. Discover (and save!) The angry rebels talked about kidnapping Gallatin, but fortunately did not carry out their plan. Abraham Alfonse Albert Gallatin, born de Gallatin (January 29, 1761 – August 12, 1849) was a Genevan-American politician, diplomat, ethnologist and linguist.wikipedia. Whiskey Rebellion, (1794), in American history, uprising that afforded the new U.S. government its first opportunity to establish federal authority by military means within state boundaries, as officials moved into western Pennsylvania to quell an uprising of settlers rebelling against the liquor tax. Gallatin always supported the former. Albert Gallatin was an anti-federalist. He made a complaint and warrants were issued for their arrest. The state governments had amassed an additional $25 million in debt. Feeling unrepresented in Congress, the citizens of Western Pennsylvania gathered their own assembly with three to five representatives per county. Whiskey became ...read more. According to A Department of the Interior article, 'Whiskey Rebellion Resources in Western Pennsylvania' for the National Register of Historic Places of 1992- ... (some of the sources are The Philisophical Society and The Life of Albert Gallatin, 1943, and … This historic house is owned by the National … ... but Jeffersonian leader Albert Gallatin mobilized the western moderates, and thus forestalled a serious outbreak. Although the militiamen claimed they were seeking revenge for Indian raids on their frontier settlements, the Indians they ...read more, In 1900, in what became known as the Boxer Rebellion (or the Boxer Uprising), a Chinese secret organization called the Society of the Righteous and Harmonious Fists led an uprising in northern China against the spread of Western and Japanese influence there. Gallatin was one of the men who met with the commissioners. Nonetheless, a shot was fired as the two men rode away. The tax was very disagreeable to the western farmers, with whiskey being virtually their only marketable product. Whiskey Rebellion. The city of Pittsburgh, fearing violence, sent a delegation to announce that the three letter writers had been expelled from the city and to offer a gift of several barrels of whiskey. During the American Revolution, individual states incurred significant debt. Gallatin counseled his neighbors to pay the tax or give up distilling. Abraham Alfonse Albert Gallatin (January 29, 1761 – August 12, 1849) was a Swiss-American ethnologist, linguist, politician, diplomat, congressman, and the longest-serving United … Someone had told the mob that federal agents were dragging people away, but Lenox and Neville were allowed to pass once that was understood to be untrue. The federal government passed a law that taxed distilled spirits, known as the whiskey tax, in the spring of 1791. However, everyone testified that Gallatin had spoken for compliance and Hamilton never got any evidence. Five years after Yorktown, the promise of the American Revolution had been unfulfilled for thousands of farmers in western and central Massachusetts, many of whom had ...read more, Whiskey—a liquor whose origins in medieval Scotland or Ireland remain murky—once was an uncommon, exotic liquor in the 13 colonies, where rum, gin and brandy were the strong drinks of choice. On July 14, Lenox accepted the services of tax collector and wealthy landowner John Neville as guide through Allegheny County. Later he wrote he had made one misstep. On the morning of July 16, Neville was asleep in his home, Bower Hill, when he was awakened by a crowd of angry men—some of whom had been served summons the previous day. Laws dictating when, where and how slaves could congregate were enacted to prevent ...read more, The Watts Rebellion, also known as the Watts Riots, was a large series of riots that broke out August 11, 1965, in the predominantly Black neighborhood of Watts in Los Angeles. Park ranger talks will be held at 2 and 4 p.m. at the mansion to explain Albert Gallatin’s role in the Whiskey Rebellion. It was presented to Joseph Parkinson by Albert Gallatin who made history for quelling the Whiskey Rebellion in 1794 with a speech before the rebels in a part of Monongahela known as Whiskey Point, said Seal, of Carroll Township. Washington met first with the rebels, who assured him the militia was not needed and that order had been restored. The people had resisted his tax on whiskey, and the President was not happy. The federal response to the Whiskey Rebellion was widely believed to be a critical test of federal authority, one that Washington’s fledgling government met with success. Johnson recognized two men in the mob. Liberty pole raised here in … When a rebel army didn’t appear, the militia rounded up suspected rebels instead. Whiskey Insurrection. As a public official, he aligned with Anti-Federalistsand spent much of his time in the state and national capital of Philadelphia. Alexander Hamilton, … Albert Gallatin, a leading Pennsylvania businessman, land developer, and State legislator long opposed internal Federal taxes. The Neville women were allowed to flee to safety, after which the mob opened fire on the house. Albert Gallatin. The large and well-armed militia marched into western Pennsylvania and was met with angry citizens but little violence. Albert Gallatin : biography January 29, 1761 – August 12, 1849 Gallatin’s brief stint in the Senate was not without consequence. In retaliation, the mob shot back at the house. Most of his neighbors were poor farmers with very little money. The federal government had legally passed the tax and wanted … In the next two years, he served as a delegate to a state constitutional convention and won election to the Pennsylvania House of Representatives. Buy Now Scott Beveridge/Observer-Reporter Perhaps inevitably, violence broke out. Following years of aggression with tax collectors, the region finally exploded in a confrontation that resulted in President Washington sending in troops to quell what some feared could become a full-blown revolution. The sites below are just a sampling of what is available: Archiving Early America: The Whiskey Rebellion http://www.earlyamerica.com/milestone-events/whiskey-rebellion/ "The Whiskey Rebellion," in The History of Bedford and Somerset Counties, by E. Howard Blackburn and William H. Welfley. The next month, the men of western Pennsylvania could vote on whether they wanted to submit to the law or not. Home of Whiskey Rebellion supporter Harmon Husband. He was elected to be the secretary of the meeting. Metropolitan Museum of Art. Albert Gallatin met with Col. Edward Cook to discuss the Whiskey Rebellion in this house that was built by Cook between 1772 and 1776 in the Mon Valley in Washington Township, Fayette County. Whiskey Rebellion. In the years after the Revolutionary War the land west of the Appalachian Mountains was the American frontier. Albert Gallatin's frugality became the hallmark of American public finance for more than a hundred years. Gallatin and others voiced a moderate view, in favor of law and order. Pennsylvanians elected him to the U.S. Senate in 1793, but Gallatin was denied his seat, ostensibly because he had not been a U.S. citizen for nine years. The commissioners were inflexible and wanted total submission. NPS Home Gallatin agreed to be the first to address the gathering. Home of Whiskey Rebellion leader Albert Gallatin. Albert Gallatin, daguerreotype, circa 1845. He is known for being the founder of New York University and for serving in the Democratic-Republican Party at various federal elective and appointed positions across four decades. The marshal had given 30 men in the county their papers. your own Pins on Pinterest There are many websites available for the Whiskey Rebellion. These isolated families farmed their land and after the harvest converted their surplus grain into whiskey. Susanna Rowson used the Whiskey Rebellion as inspiration for a musical farce for the stage called The Volunteers.The lyrics were set to music by Alexander Reinagle of the New Company, which performed the play in Philadelphia in 1795.. Early in his political career Albert Gallatin became embroiled in the Whiskey Rebellion, where his courage, wisdom and moderation helped the … When the mob refused to move, Neville grabbed a gun and shot at the crowd, striking and killing Oliver Miller. Each attempt to open a tax office or hire a tax collector was countered with violence. A new U.S. federal government began operating in 1789, following the ratification of the United States Constitution. The men claimed that Lenox needed to come with them because there was a threat to his life. Small producers, however, were stuck with paying nine cents per gallon in taxes. Failures of the Presidents. Gallatin … However, Secretary of the Treasury, Alexander Hamilton had other plans. For the first and only time in America history, the Commander-in-Chief of the United States was leading troops to battle. The first inhabitants of what is now Forward were ancient peoples, Adena (1000-400 BC), Hopewell (100 BC-500 AD) and Mississippian (700-1400 AD) as evidenced by several burial mounds located within the township. Subscribe for fascinating stories connecting the past to the present. Although opposed to the federal tax, Gallatin joined many of his fellow Republicans - including members of the Democratic Societies outside Western … What were many American's opinions on the excise tax on whiskey… It became law in 1791, and was intended to generate revenue for the war debt incurred during the Revolutionary War. Many men spoke of armed resistance. Washington met with his cabinet officials and presented evidence of the violence to Supreme Court Justice James Wilson, who ruled a military response was justified under the auspices of the Militia Acts of 1792. Miller said, “Gallatin was a moderate during the Whiskey Rebellion. In 1790 Treasury Secretary Alexander Hamilton pushed for the federal government to take over that debt. Opposition to the whiskey tax and the rebellion itself built support for the Republicans, who overtook Washington’s Federalist Party for power in 1802. The Watts Rebellion lasted for six days, resulting in 34 deaths, 1,032 injuries and 4,000 arrests, ...read more, The Taiping Rebellion was a revolt against the Qing dynasty in China, fought with religious conviction over regional economic conditions, and lasting from 1850 to 1864. He didn’t really agree with these sentiments, but believed they weren’t illegal. Jul 22, 2017 - This Pin was discovered by Cynthia Hawkins Wood. The British sent troops to America to ...read more, On March 8, 1782, a group of Pennsylvania militiamen slaughtered some 90 unarmed Native Americans at the Moravian mission settlement of Gnadenhutten, Ohio. However, the rebellion’s instigators had already fled, and the militia’s prisoners weren’t involved in the rebellion. Gallatin had proven to be an effective opponent of Alexander Hamilton’s financial policies, and the election controversy added to his fame. The Whiskey Rebellion is considered one of the first major tests of the authority of the newly formed U.S. government. Farmington, PA A pattern developed, when officials tried to collect the tax, the rebels would retaliate with assaults and threats, and when no one attempted collection, things were quiet. They were marched to Philadelphia to stand trial regardless. Gallatin traversed the difficult road between Jefferson’s goals and the national debt left to him by Alexander … He advocated a system of public education, but also displayed his lifelong interest in financial matters, supporting bills to abolish paper money, pay the public debt in specie, and establish a bank of Pennsylvania to help support business endeavors. Poor farmers west of the Appalachian Mountains thought the Whiskey Tax was very unfair. Under the new law, large producers paid the tax annually at a rate of six cents per gallon, and the more they produced, the further the tax breaks. The rebels were mostly ex-Revolutionary War soldiers-turned farmers who opposed state ...read more, Slave rebellions were a continuous source of fear in the American South, especially since black slaves accounted for more than one-third of the region’s population in the 18th century. One of the petitions he had signed not only outlined their complaints and asked for a repeal of the tax, but also said tax collectors were “unworthy of friendship” and deserved to be treated with contempt. Given the … All Rights Reserved. Gallatin had taken a … Sec., US Rep & Sen WAR 1812 NE 1801 WASH DC, ALBERT GALLATIN … The Whiskey Rebellion (also known as the Whiskey Insurrection) was a tax protest in the United States beginning in 1791 during the presidency of George Washington.The so-called "whiskey tax" was the first tax imposed on a domestic product by the newly formed federal government. Teams will randomly pick from “trading card” profiles of George Washington, Alexander Hamilton, John Neville, David Bradford, Albert Gallatin. Shays’ Rebellion was a series of violent attacks on courthouses and other government properties in Massachusetts that began in 1786 and led to a full-blown military confrontation in 1787. Thomas P. Slaughter. As the soldiers crossed the State of Pennsylvania, Albert Gallatin confronted the rebels. However, Gallatin actually delivered the speech before 226 whiskey rebels a short distance to the north, on the back porch of a log house that was dismantled in 1914, Monongahela … 100% (1/1) Whiskey Insurrection supervisor of revenue Whisky Insurrection. Fearing their angry response no one wanted to speak. In response, Johnson resigned his post, fearing further violence. What was another name for the Whiskey Rebellion? 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S financial policies, and the militia rounded up suspected rebels instead the services of tax resistance year voters... Pennsylvania, Albert Gallatin, will you state to the United States government services., This wasn ’ t the future they envisioned when they cast off British. Attacked Neville ’ s Ferry on August 28 at Brownsville year, elected! To take over that debt disagreeable to the witness stand, circa 1845 crossed state! Frontiersmen didn ’ t illegal found guilty of treason, and thus forestalled a serious outbreak back. E Television Networks, LLC were marched to drums and gathered at Neville ’ s on. State to the western moderates, and the militia ’ s treason, and the potential it held mostly. Issue because only cash would be called the Whiskey Rebellion, http: //www.maptherebellion.com/items/show/18 involved men...

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